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Aldrovanda vesiculosa
''Aldrovanda vesiculosa'', commonly known as the waterwheel plant, is the sole extant species in the flowering plant genus ''Aldrovanda'' of the family Droseraceae. The plant captures small aquatic invertebrates using traps similar to those of the Venus flytrap. The traps are arranged in whorls around a central, free-floating stem, giving rise to the common name. This is one of the few plant species capable of rapid movement.
While the genus ''Aldrovanda'' is now monotypic, up to 19 extinct species are known in the fossil record.〔Huber, H. 1961, ''Aldrovanda'', in Hegi, ''Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa'' ed 2. IV(2a): 18-20. Carl Hanser Verlag, München.〕〔Degreef, J.D. 1997, Fossil Aldrovanda, Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 26〕〔Cross, A. 2012. ''Aldrovanda'', The Waterwheel Plant. Redfern Natural History Productions, Dorset, UK, 249pp〕 While the species displays a degree of morphological plasticity between populations, ''A. vesiculosa'' possesses a very low genetic diversity across its entire range.〔
''A. vesiculosa'' has declined over the last century to only 50 confirmed extant populations worldwide. These are spread across Europe, Africa, Asia and Australia.〔
== Morphology ==
''A. vesiculosa'' is a rootless aquatic plant; seedlings develop a short protoroot; however, this fails to develop further and senesces. The plant consists of floating stems reaching a length of 6–40 cm.〔〔Aston, H.I. 1983, ''Aldrovanda vesiculosa'' L., in ''Flora of Australia'' 8: 64-66.〕 The 2–3 mm trap leaves grow in whorls of 5-9 in close succession along the plant's central stem. The actual traps are held by petioles which hold air sacks that aid in flotation. One end of the stem continually grows while the other end dies off. Growth is quite rapid (4–9 mm/day in Japanese populations〔Komiya, S. 1966, A report on the natural habitat of ''Aldrovanda vesiculosa'' found in Hanyu City. ''Amatores Herb''. (Kobe, Japan) 27: 5-13.〕), so that in optimal conditions a new whorl is produced once or more each day.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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